CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION
2. C4-10 BORED PILING
3. C4-20 DRIVEN PILING
4. C4-30 PILE TESTING
1 INTRODUCTION
This document presents the specifications for piling works to be used in the project. The specifications found herewith shall supplement SCI’s specification listed below and the Invitation to Bid (ITB) Appendix A: Facilities Description / Scope of Work document. Unless noted otherwise, the more onerous criteria or requirements specified between SCI’s specification and the ITB
Appendix-A document shall take precedence over the conflicting clauses found in this document.
SCI Specification & Standard Document No.
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Rev.
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Document Title
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SUTO-ALL-C08-4-001
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1
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Specification and Standard: Demolition and Site Clearance
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SUTO-ALL-C08-4-002
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2
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Specification and Standard: Earthworks and Excavation
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SUTO-ALL-C08-4-003
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1
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Specification and Standard: Piling – Driven Piles
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SUTO-ALL-C08-4-004
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1
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Specification and Standard: Structural Steelworks
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SUTO-ALL-C08-4-005
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1
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Specification and Standard: Soil Investigation & Testing
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SUTO-ALL-C08-4-006
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1
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Specification and Standard: Concrete
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SUTO-ALL-C08-4-008
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1
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Specification and Standard: Pipe Rack Design Criteria
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In the event that the specifications are not available in either the SCI’s or those found herewith, refer to the latest edition of the National Productivity and Quality Specifications published by SPRING Singapore. The specification list is non-exhaustive and will be expanded if the need arise.
2 C4-10 BORED PILING
CONTENTS Page
1.
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GENERAL
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3
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1.1
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Scope
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3
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1.2
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Related Sections
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3
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1.3
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Standards and Regulations
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3
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1.4
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Trade Preambles
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4
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1.5
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Definitions
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7
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2.
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PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
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8
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2.1
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Requirements for Design Verification
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8
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2.2
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Performance Criteria for Piles Under Test
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8
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2.3
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Permissible Damage Criteria for Existing Critical Structures or Services
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8
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3.
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MATERIALS
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9
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3.1
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Source of Materials
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9
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3.2
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Drilling Fluid
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9
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3.3
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Water
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9
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3.4
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Concrete
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9
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3.5
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Grout
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9
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3.6
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Reinforcement
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9
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3.7
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Temporary Casings
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9
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3.8
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Permanent Steel Casings
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10
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4.
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WORKMANSHIP
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11
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4.1
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General Workmanship Requirements
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11
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4.2
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Trial Bores
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11
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4.3
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Boring Excavation
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11
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4.4
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Use of Drilling Fluid
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13
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4.5
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Cleanliness of Pile Bases
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13
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4.6
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Reinforcement
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14
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4.7
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Pile Casting
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14
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4.8
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Backfilling Empty Boring
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17
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4.9
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Grouting of Piles
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17
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4.10
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Tolerances
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18
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4.11
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Protection to Piles
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19
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4.12
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Replacement of Piles
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19
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4.13
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Cleaning Up
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19
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4.14
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Non-Performance of Working Piles
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19
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4.15
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Cutting Off Pile Heads
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19
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4.16
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Noise and Disturbance
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20
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4.17
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Final Survey and As-Built Drawing
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20
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5.
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VERIFICATION AND SUBMISSIONS
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21
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5.1
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Submissions
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21
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5.2
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Inspection and Test Certificates
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22
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5.3
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Tests
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23
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5.4
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Compliance Testing of Drilling Fluid
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23
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5.5
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Pile Testing
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24
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5.6
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Records
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25
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. GENERAL
Read with the General Requirements section, and all other contract documents.
1.1 Scope
This section covers the requirements for the construction of bored cast-in-place piles including:
a. In-situ concrete piles b. Micro piles
The piles may be used as foundations to support principally vertical loads, or may be used to form embedded retaining walls resisting principally horizontal loads.
1.2 Related Sections
Read this work section in conjunction with the relevant requirements of the other work sections as follows:
C1-20 Condition Survey and Monitoring
C2-10 Site Investigations
C2-50 Instrumentation and Monitoring
C4-30 Pile Testing
C3-10 Concrete Construction Generally
C3-20 Reinforcement
1.3 Standards and Regulations
1.3.1 Standards
Unless otherwise agreed by the Superintending Officer (SO), ensure all of the Works comply with the relevant requirements of the Standards and Codes listed below or referenced in the body of the Specification. Alternative Standards and Codes may be proposed for approval by the SO, provided it can be demonstrated that the alternative Standards and Codes comply with the requirements of the standards specified. All Standards and Codes quoted are the current version, unless specific year references are noted.
Singapore Standards
SS 31 Aggregates from natural sources for concrete
SS 78: Part A16 Testing Concrete. Method of determination of compressive strength of concrete cubes
SS CP 4 Foundations
SS CP 65: Part 1 Structural use of concrete. Design and Construction
SS CP 79 Safety management system for construction worksites
Other Standards
API SpecificationDrilling Fluid13A 5th Edition
API-RP-13B-1 2nd Standard procedure for field-testing water-based drilling fluid Edition BS 1305 Batch type concrete mixers
BS EN 1008 Mixing water for concrete, specification for sampling, testing and assessing the suitability of water
BS 5228 Noise and vibration control on construction and open sites
Part 1(1997) Code of practice for basic information and procedures for noise and vibration control
Part 4 (1992) Code of practice for noise and vibration control applicable to piling operation
BS 5930 Code of practice for site investigations
BS 7123 Metal arc welding of steel for concrete reinforcement
BS 8004 Code of practice for foundations
BS 8008 Guide to safety precautions and procedures for the construction and descent of machine-bored shaft piling and other purposes.
BS EN 1538 Execution of special geotechnical work – Diaphragm Walls
In the event that the standards or Codes are revised or superseded, refer to the latest edition or the appropriate substitution for the relevant subjects.
1.3.2 Technical Reference
Refer to the following technical reference for guidance in carrying out the works:
a. BRE Digest 251 (1995) Assessment of damage in low-rise building.
b. Construction Industry Research and Information Association, England (CIRIA) Report 104 (1984) Design of retaining wall embedded in stiff clay.
1.4 Trade Preambles
1.4.1 Design Verification
Engage technically competent personnel with relevant geotechnical experience to SO’s acceptance, to carry out:
a. Verification of material excavated at the intended pile founding level as consistent with the design requirements.
b. Design verification checks based on actual ground conditions to determine the required length of each pile and ensure that the specified working load and settlement criteria of the piles are achieved.
c. Proposals to amend the design including compensating piles as necessary in the event that for any reasons the installed piles do not perform as intended.
d. Proposals to amend the pilecap design of the building in the event that the piles are installed out of the permitted tolerance.
e. Proposals as a response plan in the event that measures taken to control ground movement and vibration do not perform satisfactorily.
Take into account of the design requirements as set out in Clause 2.1 below.
Submit the design to the SO for acceptance. Design proposals in (c) to (d) are to be designed and endorsed by a PE (Civil).
Submit the CV of the personnel to be engaged for the above including the PE’s, for SO’s acceptance.
1.4.2 Building Damage Assessment
Carry out a Building Damage Assessment, if required by the project specification, on the effects of ground movement to the neighboring properties due to the works, for the purpose of establishing suitable values for ‘Alert’ and “Work Suspension’ levels for monitoring. Submit to SO with endorsement from a PE.
1.4.3 Coordination with Other Works
Co-ordinate with other contractors who may carry out other works at the same time at the site. Take into account of site access, space occupation, safety and safeguarding of adjoining properties and each other’s works.
1.4.4 Condition Survey
Where applicable, prior to and upon completion of the site works, carry out a condition survey to adjacent buildings in accordance with the requirements of section C1-20 “Condition Survey and Monitoring”. Submit all records to the SO and adjacent property owners where directed.
Keep a copy of the survey report on site ready for inspection.
1.4.5 Instrumentation and Monitoring
Provide instrumentation to monitor the ground movement, vibration and condition of adjacent properties. Refer to Section C2-50, Clause 3.1, and the drawings for the schedule of instrumentation required. If necessary or as required by the authorities, propose and provide additional instrumentation and monitoring for records.
Take cognisance of and co-ordinate with other contractors on site who may be carrying out instrumentation and monitoring works to avoid duplication of installation and readings.
For general requirements of the instrumentation and monitoring works refer to Section
C2-50.
1.4.6 Upholding of Adjoining Properties
Accept responsibility for the upholding of the adjoining buildings and roads, footpaths etc., where applicable, together with the mains and services from the time of taking possession of the site through the duration of the works.
Adequately maintain roads and footpaths within and adjacent to the site and keep clear of mud and debris.
1.4.7 Verification of Site Information
1.4.7.1 Site Surveys
Verify and be satisfied that the information given in the existing site survey plans provided are accurate. If necessary, engage a registered Surveyor to carry out additional site survey before commencing any work.
1.4.7.2 Additional site investigations
Carry out additional ground investigation where additional information is needed for the works or when directed by the SO. Carry out the works in compliance with Section C2-10 “Site Investigation”.
Carry out the boreholes progressively prior to commencement of the works in areas according to the contractor’s construction programme. On completion of drilling, backfill the boreholes with a suitable bentonite / cement mix.
Submit the location and schedule for the boreholes to SO’s acceptance prior to carrying out the works. On completion, prepare the site investigation report and submit to the SO for acceptance.
1.4.7.3 Groundwater level
Verify the data on groundwater level from available ground investigation reports.
1.4.7.4 Contamination
Verify information on contamination identified or believed to be present on site.
In the event that contamination is either positively identified or suspected, draw to the attention of all personnel working on site together with the need to take any precautionary measures in handling contaminated materials, groundwater and obnoxious vapours from the ground.
1.4.8 Existing Services Affected by the Works
Refer to Preliminaries and Conditions of Contract for the requirements to deal with existing services affected by the works.
1.4.9 Site Protection
Protect all equipment and working area using fencing or other methods as accepted.
1.4.10 Obstructions
If any obstructions such as existing fences, structures, footings, boulders, concrete blocks, pipes, drains, driveways or ramp are encountered during excavation, submit proposals for their removal for the SO's acceptance.
1.4.11 Supervision of the Works
Engage a competent and suitably experienced site engineer to the SO’s acceptance, to supervise the field works.
1.4.12 Quality Control Plan
Submit and work to a quality control plan as agreed with the SO. Refer to the General
Requirements section, clause 1.4.10 for guidance.
1.4.13 Safety
Provide safety precautions to comply with all current legislation and regulations, notably:
a. Building Control Regulations
b. Code of Practice for Traffic Control at Work Zone
c. Factories(Building Operations and Works of EngineeringConstruction)Regulations
d. Workplace Safety & Health Act
e. SS CP 79 Safety management system for construction worksites
f. For works within LTA Railway Protection Zone, ensure the works comply fully with Code of Practice for Railway Protection.
Additionally, comply also with the following:
a. BRE Digest 251 (1995) Assessment of damage in low rise building
b. BS 8008: Guide to safety precautions and procedures for the construction and descent of machine-bored shaft for piling and other purposes
1.4.14 As-Build Pile Surveys
Employ a Licensed Surveyor who is to be responsible for surveying pile locations and eccentricities and submit the as–build survey to the SO in format as directed within 14 days after the piles have been trimmed to the cut-off level.
1.5 Definitions
a.
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Pile Dimensions
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Piles dimension specified in pile layout drawing(s) / piling
schedule are the minimum acceptable dimensions
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b.
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Rock
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Material classified as grade I to III in table 10 “Scale of
weathering grades of rock mass” in BS 5930: 1981.
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